npm使得Javascript開發(fā)者易于分享和復用代碼，并使你分享的代碼易于更新。
> npm makes it easy for JavaScript developers to share and reuse code, and it makes it easy to update the code that you're sharing.
如果你使用Javascript有一陣子了，你或許聽說過npm：npm使得Javascript開發(fā)者易于分享其為解決特定問題而編寫的代碼，且可供其他開發(fā)者在他們自己的應用中復用這些代碼。
> If you've been working with Javascript for awhile, you might have heard of npm: npm makes it easy for Javascript developers to share the code that they've created to solve particular problems, and for other developers to reuse that code in their own applications.
當你依賴于來自其他開發(fā)者的這些代碼是，npm就會使檢查代碼更新和下載更新變得相當容易。
> Once you're depending on this code from other developers, npm makes it really easy to check to see if they've made any updates to it, and to download those updates when they're made.
這些可復用代碼被稱作“包”，有時也叫做“模塊”。包僅是一個包含一些文件的目錄，以及一個名稱為“package.json”的文件，此文件中包含了一些有關此包的元數(shù)據(jù)。一個典型的應用，比如一個網(wǎng)站，將會依賴于幾十上百個包。這些包通常很小。通常的想法是，你創(chuàng)建一個小型代碼塊，以解決一個問題并很好的解決。這就使你能通過這些小型的被分享的代碼塊，編寫出大型的自定義的解決方案
> These bits of reusable code are called packages, or sometimes modules. A package is just a directory with one or more files in it, that also has a file called "package.json" with some meta data about this package. A typical application, such as a website, will depend on dozens or hundreds of packages. These packages are often small. The general idea is that you create a small building block which solves one problem and solves it well. This makes it possible for you to compose larger, custom solutions out of these small, shared building blocks.
這樣做有很多好處。它使你的團隊有可能通過引進專注于某個問題領域的專家編寫的代碼，以此為基礎來發(fā)揮自己組織的專長。即使不復用你的組織外人們寫的代碼，你使用此類基于模塊的方法也能真正地幫助你的團隊更好地協(xié)作開發(fā)，并且也可以使跨項目的復用代碼成為可能。
> There's lots of benefits to this. It makes it possible for your team to draw on expertise outside of your organization by bringing in packages from people who have focused on particular problem areas. But even if you don't reuse code from people outside of your organization, using this kind of module based approach can actually help your team work together better, and can also make it possible to reuse code across projects.
你可以通過瀏覽npm官網(wǎng)尋找代碼包，以幫助你構建應用。當你瀏覽這個網(wǎng)站是，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)各種不同的包。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多node模塊。npm是作為node的包管理器開始的，所以你可以找到很多可用于服務器端的包。也有很多包可以為你在命令行中添加命令。此時，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，有很多包可以用于前端瀏覽器。
> You can find packages to help you build your application by browsing the npm website. When you're browsing the website, you'll find different kinds of packages. You'll find lots of node modules. npm started as the node package manager, so you'll find lots of modules which can be used on the server side. There are also lots of packages which add commands for you to use in the command line. And at this point you can find a number of packages which can be used in the browser, on the front end.
現(xiàn)在你已經(jīng)知道npm能干什么了，那我們來談談它如何工作的。當人們談起npm時，他們可能會說三件事：
1. 他們可能會提及官網(wǎng)，這個我們剛才已經(jīng)看過了；
2. 也可能會談及注冊池，注冊池是你可以享受人們共享代碼的龐大的包數(shù)據(jù)庫；
3. 或第三個，就是客戶端。當開發(fā)者決定要共享她的代碼時，可以使用裝在電腦上的npm客戶端來將代碼發(fā)布到注冊池中。一旦注冊池中此包擁有了入口，其他開發(fā)者就可以使用npm客戶端從注冊池中下載安裝此包了。
> So now that you have an idea of what npm can do, let's talk about how it works. When people talk about npm, they can be talking about one of three things. They could be talking about the website, which we've just been looking at. Or they could be talking about the registry, which is a big database of information about packages that people are sharing. Or the third thing they could be talking about is the client: when a developer decides to share their code, they use the npm client which is installed on their computer to publish that code up to the registry. And once there's an entry for this package in the registry, then other developers can use their npm clients to install the package from the registry. The entry in the registry for this package is also reflected on the website, where there's a page dedicated to this new package.
好了，這就是npm。它是復用其他開發(fā)者代碼的一種方法，也是你與他們分享代碼的一種方式，使管理不同版本的代碼變得容易。
> So that's what npm is. It's a way to reuse code from other developers, and also a way to share your code with them, and it makes it easy to manage the different versions of code.
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